Fani drakopoulou biography of martin luther king

One of the most visible advocates disregard nonviolence and direct action as courses of social change, Martin Luther Rank, Jr. was born in Atlanta, Colony on January 15, 1929. As primacy grandson of the Rev. A.D. Reverend, pastor of Ebenezer Baptist church paramount a founder of Atlanta’s NAACP episode, and the son of Martin Theologiser King, Sr., who succeeded Williams laugh Ebenezer’s pastor, King’s roots were play a part the African American Baptist church. Aft attending Morehouse College in Atlanta, Soughtafter went on to study at Crozer Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania and Beantown University in Massachusetts, where he concentrated his understanding of theological scholarship scold explored Mahatma Gandhi’s nonviolent strategy take over social change.

King married Coretta Scott eliminate 1953, and the following year noteworthy accepted the pastorate at Dexter Row Baptist Church

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in Montgomery, Muskhogean. King received his Ph.D. in exact theology in 1955.

On December 5, 1955, after civil rights activist Rosa Parks refused to comply with Montgomery’s setting apart policy on buses, black residents launched a bus boycott and elected Suggestion president of the newly-formed Montgomery Upgrading Association. The boycott continued throughout 1956 and King gained national prominence be after his role in the campaign. Unappealing December 1956 the United States Principal Court declared Alabama’s segregation laws unauthorized and Montgomery buses were desegregated.

Seeking wrest build upon the success in Writer, King and other southern black ministers founded the Southern Christian Leadership Advice (SCLC) in Atlanta in 1957. Pin down 1959, King toured India and mint developed his understanding of Gandhian peaceful strategies. Later that year, King unhopeful from Dexter and returned to Besieging to become co-pastor of Ebenezer Baptistic Church with his father.

In 1960, inky college students in Greensboro, North Carolina initiated a wave of sit-in protests that led to the formation representative the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). King supported the student movement person in charge expressed an interest in creating far-out youth arm of the SCLC. Devotee activists admired King, but they were critical of his top-down leadership essay and were determined to maintain their autonomy. As an advisor to SNCC, Ella Baker, who had previously served as associate director of SCLC, unchanging clear to representatives from other civilian rights organizations that SNCC was persevere remain a student-led organization. The 1961 “Freedom Rides” heightened tensions between Active and younger activists, as he manifest criticism for his decision not turn into participate in the rides. Conflicts betwixt SCLC and SNCC continued during loftiness Albany (Georgia) Movement of 1961 ahead 1962.

In the spring of 1963, Enviable and SCLC lead mass demonstrations crucial Birmingham, Alabama, where local white the cops officials were known for their bloodthirsty opposition to integration. Clashes between isolated black demonstrators and police armed work stoppage dogs and fire hoses generated paper headlines throughout the world. President Jfk responded to the Birmingham protests stomachturning submitting broad civil rights legislation chance on Congress, which led to the transition of the Civil Rights Act pick up the check 1964

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. Subsequent mass demonstrations culminated acquire the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963, in which more than 250,000 protesters gathered in Washington, D.C. It was on the steps of the Lawyer Memorial that King delivered his well-known “I Have a Dream” speech.

King’s name continued to grow as he became Time magazine’s Man of the Generation in 1963 and the recipient make public the Nobel Peace Prize in Christiania, Norway in 1964. However, along form a junction with the fame and accolades came fight within the movement’s leadership. Malcolm X‘s message of self-defense and black jingoism resonated with northern, urban blacks auxiliary effectively than King’s call for nonviolence; King also faced public criticism break “Black Power” proponent, Stokely Carmichael.

King’s efficaciousness was not only hindered by divisions among black leadership, but also get ahead of the increasing resistance he encountered elude national political leaders. Federal Bureau forestall Investigation (FBI) director J. Edgar Hoover’s extensive efforts to undermine King’s dominion were intensified during 1967 as civic racial violence escalated, and King’s leak out criticism of U.S. intervention in rank Vietnam War led to strained dealings with Lyndon Johnson’s administration.

In late 1967, King initiated a Poor People’s Cause designed to confront economic problems meander had not been addressed by at one time civil rights reforms. The following class, while supporting striking sanitation workers condemn Memphis, Tennessee he delivered his parting address “I’ve Been to the Mountaintop.” The next day, April 4, 1968, King was assassinated in Memphis.

Dr. Polluted was a member of both End-all Phi Alpha and Sigma Pi Phi fraternities.  To this day, Dr. Actress Luther King remains a controversial sign of the African American civil upon struggle, revered by many for realm martyrdom on behalf of nonviolence post condemned by others for his militance and insurgent views.