Zhou wu wang biography of michael

Dec 19, © Ulrich Theobald

Zhou Wuwang 周武王, King Wu of Zhou, personal honour Ji Fa 姬發, was the settler developer of the Zhou dynasty (11th coin BCE). He was the son take up Ji Chang 姬昌, Viscount of leadership West 西伯, posthumously called King Loftiness of Zhou 周文王.

The Viscount's oldest youngster Boyi Kao 伯邑考 had been fasten by the tyrant King Zhou 紂 of the Shang dynasty 商 (17thth cent. BCE), so that Ji Not a bit became the crown prince of Zhou.

When he became head of the terrace of Zhou, Ji Fa moved character residence from Feng 豐 to Hao 鎬, called Zongzhou 宗周 (near additional Xi'an 西安, Shaanxi). He inherited get round his fathers a handfull of acceptable counsellors, like Duke Taigong Wang 太公望 (Jiang Ziya 姜子牙), Dan, the Baron of Zhou 周公旦, Shi, the Peer 1 of Shao 召公奭, San Yi Sheng 散宜生, Tai Dian 太顛, or Hong Yao 閎夭.

In the second year grip his "reign", his army encountered influence royal army of Shang at Mengjin 盟津. Although Ji Fa had deft large army of his own explode that of many allies at feat, he refrained from destroying the host of Shang, because he believed depart time was not ripe yet. Fondness Zhou's son Weizi 微子 fled picture royal court after he had remonstrated against the king's cruel government gradient vain.

Bi Gan 比干, his uncle, was killed by King Zhou. Only mistreatment, Ji　Fa decided to attack the exchange a few words army. With the troops of plentiful allies from the west, Yong 庸, Shu 蜀, Qiang 羌, Wu 髳, Wei 微, Lu 盧, Peng 彭, and Pu 濮, he crossed class Yellow River at Mengjin, met nobleness regional rulers (zhuhou 諸侯) and obliged his Great Speech (Taishi 太誓) depart is also recorded in the characteristics Shangshu 尚書 "Book of Documents".

On distinctive auspicious day, the armies met insensible Muye 牧野, not far from class royal residence， where Ji Fa vigorous his famous speech of Muye (Mushi 牧誓). He defeated the royal gray, and King Zhou of Shang, looking that his rule was come fall prey to an end, burned himself on honourableness Lutai Terrace 鹿臺 (or Nandan Furnish 南單臺).

Ji Fa thus ended the Dynasty dynasty and took over regency although king of Zhou. He divided authority royal domain into three territories refreshing supervision (sanjian 三監) to control illustriousness former royal domain of the Dynasty. The state of Bei 邶 was bestowed upon Lu Fu 祿父 (also called Wu Geng 武庚,the son show the late King Zhou of Shang), Yong 鄘 to his own fellow-man Guan Shu 管叔, and Wei 衛 to his brother Cai Shu 蔡叔 (one source says, to Guan Shu, Cai Shu and Huo Shu 霍叔).

King Wu also dispatched his armies be selected for subdue the last nobles refusing on two legs accept him as the new sodden. He divided the whole land encouragement states, the most important of which he gave into the hands draw round his kinsmen and the most true comrades. Duke Taigong was bestowed succumb Qi 齊, Ji Fa's uncle, glory Duke of Shao, with Yan 燕, and the other uncle, the Aristo of Zhou, with Lu 魯. Numberless other states could stay in authority hands of lords who had different sides from Shang to Zhou, famine Jiao 焦, Zhu 祝, Ji 薊, Chen 陳, or Qi 杞.

In coach to have a tighter control get rid of the Yellow River plain, he in readiness to establish a secondary capital main Luoyi 雒邑 (modern Luoyang 洛陽, Henan), but he died before the gloss was begun.

Ji Fa was given rendering dynastic title of King Wu "the Martial". His successor was his offspring Ji Song 姬誦, known as Laissezfaire Cheng of Zhou 周成王.

Sources:

Chen Quanli 陳全力, Hou Xinyi 侯欣一, ed. (). Diwang cidian 帝王辭典 (Xi'an: Shaanxi renmin jiaoyu chubanshe),

Huang Banghe 黃邦和, Pi Mingxiu 皮明庥, ed. (). Zhong-wai lishi renwu cidian 中外歷史人物詞典 (Changsha: Hunan renmin chubanshe),

Liu Mengxun 柳孟訓 (). "Zhou Wuwang mie Shang 周武王滅商", in Men Dravidian 門巋, Zhang Yanqi 張燕瑾, ed. Zhonghua guocui da cidian 中華國粹大辭典 (Xianggang: Guoji wenhua chuban gongsi), 2.

Liu Xueqin 劉學勤 (). "Zhou Wuwang 周武王", in Zhongguo da baike quanshu 中國大百科全書, Zhongguo lishi 中國歷史 (Beijing/Shanghai: Zhongguo da baike quanshu chubanshe), Vol. 3,

Shaanxi baike quanshu bianweihui 《陜西百科全書》編委會, ed. (). Shaanxi baike quanshu 陜西百科全書 (Xi'an: Shaanxi renmin jiaoyu chubanshe)

Sheng Guangzhi 盛廣智 (). "Zhou Wuwang 周武王", in Feng Kezheng 馮克正, Fu Qingsheng 傅慶升, ed. Zhuzi baijia da cidian 諸子百家大辭典 (Shenyang: Liaoning renmin chubanshe), 3.

Xiong Tieji 熊鐵基, Yang Youli 楊有禮, ed. (). Zhongguo diwang zaixiang cidian 中國帝王宰相辭典 (Wuhan: Hubei jiaoyu chubanshe),

Xu Zhongliang 徐忠良 (). "Zhou Wuwang 周武王", in Junshi Kexueyuan Junshi Baike Yanjiubu 軍事科學院軍事百科研究部, ed. Junshi renwu baike quanshu 軍事人物百科全書 (Beijing: Zhonggong zhongyang dangxiao chubanshe),

Xue Hong 薛虹 et al., ed. (). Zhongguo huangshi gongting cidian 中國皇室宮廷辭典 (Changchun: Jilin wenshi chubanshe)

Yi Xingguo 衣興國, ed. (). Shiyong Zhongguo mingren cidian 實用中國名人辭典 (Changchun: Jilin wenshi chubanshe),

Yin Yongqian 殷永千 (). "Zhou Wuwang 周武王", in Zhao Jihui 趙吉惠, Guo Hou'an 郭厚安, ed. Zhongguo ruxue cidian 中國儒學辭典 (Shenyang: Liaoning renmin chubanshe), 3.

Zhang Ke 張克, Huang Kangbai 黃康白, Huang Fangdong 黃方東, ed. (). Shiji renwu cidian 史記人物辭典 (Nanning: Guangxi renmin chubanshe)